{"id":15500,"date":"2013-04-01T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2013-03-31T22:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ricom-web.com\/gestions-hospitalieres\/stress-et-anxiete\/"},"modified":"2018-03-08T10:28:39","modified_gmt":"2018-03-08T09:28:39","slug":"stress-et-anxiete","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ricom-web8.com\/gestions\/stress-et-anxiete\/","title":{"rendered":"Stress et anxi\u00e9t\u00e9"},"content":{"rendered":"<span class=\"span-reading-time rt-reading-time\" style=\"display: block;\"><span class=\"rt-label rt-prefix\">Temps de lecture\u00a0: <\/span> <span class=\"rt-time\"> 3<\/span> <span class=\"rt-label rt-postfix\">minutes<\/span><\/span><p>Pour \u00e9valuer l\u2019impact du stress sur le d\u00e9veloppement de l\u2019anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 chez les infirmiers en contact direct avec le malade en institution psychiatrique, nous avons utilis\u00e9\u00a0l\u2019\u00e9chelle visuelle analogique de B. Chini (\u00e9valuation du stress), le questionnaire de Boitel (recherche des sympt\u00f4mes li\u00e9s au stress) et l\u2019\u00e9chelle d\u2019anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 d\u2019Hamilton. Notre travail, qui a port\u00e9 sur 50 infirmiers de l\u2019h\u00f4pital psychiatrique Razi de Tunis, a eu un taux de r\u00e9ponse de 92 % (soit 46 personnes).<\/p>\n<h1>R\u00e9sultats<\/h1>\n<h2>Caract\u00e9ristiques de la population d\u2019\u00e9tude<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>\u00c2ge moyen : 39,28 ans avec un \u00e9cart type de 10.<\/li>\n<li>Type de population : pas jeune\u00a0(\u00e2ge &gt; 30 ans) : 58,7 %.<\/li>\n<li>Sexe : 54,35 % d\u2019hommes avec un sex-ratio\u00a0de 1,14.<\/li>\n<li>Situation maritale : mari\u00e9s\u00a0dans 67,4 %, dont 74,2 % avec au moins un enfant \u00e0 charge.<\/li>\n<li>Distance domicile\/travail : jug\u00e9e importante (54,35 %).<\/li>\n<li>Conflits conjugaux : observ\u00e9s chez 16,13 % des personnes mari\u00e9es.<\/li>\n<li>Ant\u00e9c\u00e9dents somatiques : observ\u00e9s dans 17,4 % des cas (arthrose, diab\u00e8te, gastralgie, maladie c\u0153liaque et c\u00e9phal\u00e9e).<\/li>\n<li>Probl\u00e8mes financiers : observ\u00e9s chez la moiti\u00e9.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>La majorit\u00e9 de la population \u00e9tudi\u00e9e \u00e9tait constitu\u00e9e d\u2019infirmiers (74 %), le reste \u00e9tait r\u00e9parti en 10,8 % d\u2019infirmiers majeurs, 8,7 % de techniciens en psychiatrie et 6,5 % d\u2019aides-soignants. Un minimum de 3 mois et un maximum de 38 ans ont \u00e9t\u00e9 observ\u00e9s concernant l\u2019anciennet\u00e9\u00a0au travail, dont 50,2 % ont travaill\u00e9 entre 11 ans et 38 ans et 41,3 % moins de 3 ans. Une activit\u00e9 extraprofessionnelle \u00e9tait exerc\u00e9e par 32,6 % afin d\u2019am\u00e9liorer les conditions \u00e9conomiques. Le nombre d\u2019heures de travail par jour \u00e9tait de 6,5 heures en moyenne (6 \u00e0 8 heures par jour).<\/p>\n<p>L\u2019organisation du travail a \u00e9t\u00e9 jug\u00e9e non satisfaisante chez 67,4 %, avec une surcharge au travail rapport\u00e9e par 80,4 % des infirmiers. Seuls 44,5 % \u00e9taient satisfaits au travail ; 60,8 % se plaignaient de ne pas \u00eatre appr\u00e9ci\u00e9s au travail par leurs sup\u00e9rieurs et 89,1 % ont rapport\u00e9 qu\u2019ils avaient assez de surcharge au travail et qu\u2019ils devaient \u00eatre rapides pour pouvoir accomplir leurs t\u00e2ches. Des cong\u00e9s pour fatigue mentale durant l\u2019ann\u00e9e en cours ont \u00e9t\u00e9 observ\u00e9s chez 15,2 % des infirmiers.<\/p>\n<h1>\u00c9tude du stress<\/h1>\n<h2>Pr\u00e9valence du stress<\/h2>\n<p>Le stress est consid\u00e9r\u00e9 \u00ab important \u00e0 tr\u00e8s important \u00bb pour 45,6 % des infirmiers.<\/p>\n<button data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-target=\"#enc_2013_247_01\">TABLEAU 1<\/button><div id=\"enc_2013_247_01\" class=\"encadre collapse\"><p><span class=\"surtitre_enc\">tableau 1<\/span><\/p>\n<h2>Niveau de stress \u00e9valu\u00e9<\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-29147\" src=\"https:\/\/gestions-hospitalieres.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/ill_2013_247_01.png\" alt=\"ill_2013_247_01\" width=\"600\" height=\"180\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ricom-web8.com\/gestions\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/ill_2013_247_01.png 600w, https:\/\/www.ricom-web8.com\/gestions\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/ill_2013_247_01-300x90.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>L\u2019\u00e2ge, le sexe, le grade et l\u2019anciennet\u00e9 ne semblent pas \u00eatre en relation avec la perception du stress.<\/p>\n<h2>Sympt\u00f4mes li\u00e9s au stress<\/h2>\n<button data-toggle=\"collapse\" data-target=\"#enc_2013_247_02\">TABLEAU 2<\/button><div id=\"enc_2013_247_02\" class=\"encadre collapse\"><p><span class=\"surtitre_enc\">tableau 2<\/span><\/p>\n<h2>Retentissement du stress sur le comportement et le caract\u00e8re<\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-29146\" src=\"https:\/\/gestions-hospitalieres.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/ill_2013_247_02.png\" alt=\"ill_2013_247_02\" width=\"600\" height=\"255\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ricom-web8.com\/gestions\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/ill_2013_247_02.png 600w, https:\/\/www.ricom-web8.com\/gestions\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/ill_2013_247_02-300x128.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>Retentissement du stress sur le travail et l\u2019intelligibilit\u00e9<\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-29145\" src=\"https:\/\/gestions-hospitalieres.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/ill_2013_247_03.png\" alt=\"ill_2013_247_03\" width=\"600\" height=\"212\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ricom-web8.com\/gestions\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/ill_2013_247_03.png 600w, https:\/\/www.ricom-web8.com\/gestions\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/ill_2013_247_03-300x106.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>Sympt\u00f4mes d\u2019ordre g\u00e9n\u00e9ral li\u00e9s au stress<\/h2>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-29144\" src=\"https:\/\/gestions-hospitalieres.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/ill_2013_247_04.png\" alt=\"ill_2013_247_04\" width=\"600\" height=\"209\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ricom-web8.com\/gestions\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/ill_2013_247_04.png 600w, https:\/\/www.ricom-web8.com\/gestions\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/ill_2013_247_04-300x105.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>Retentissement du stress sur l\u2019estime du soi<\/h2>\n<h2><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-29143\" src=\"https:\/\/gestions-hospitalieres.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/ill_2013_247_05.png\" alt=\"ill_2013_247_05\" width=\"600\" height=\"77\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.ricom-web8.com\/gestions\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/ill_2013_247_05.png 600w, https:\/\/www.ricom-web8.com\/gestions\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/11\/ill_2013_247_05-300x39.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<p>Un retentissement \u00ab important \u00e0 tr\u00e8s important \u00bb du stress sur le comportement et le caract\u00e8re a \u00e9t\u00e9 observ\u00e9 chez respectivement 30 % \u00e0 47 % de notre population. Le retentissement du stress sur le travail et l\u2019intelligibilit\u00e9 a \u00e9t\u00e9 observ\u00e9 chez plus de 30 % de la population \u00e9tudi\u00e9e. Des sympt\u00f4mes g\u00e9n\u00e9raux patients ont \u00e9t\u00e9 observ\u00e9s chez plus de 40 % des infirmiers. Presque 20 % de notre population a perdu confiance en soi par l\u2019effet du stress.<\/p>\n<h2>Anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 chez les infirmiers des services de psychiatrie<\/h2>\n<p>Selon l\u2019\u00e9chelle d\u2019Hamilton, l\u2019anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 a \u00e9t\u00e9 objectiv\u00e9e dans 47,8 % des cas. Ont \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9valu\u00e9s dans trois cas un stress <em>nul<\/em> ou faible, dans trois cas un stress \u00ab moyen \u00bb, dans seize cas un stress \u00ab grand \u00e0 tr\u00e8s grand \u00bb. Pour la population chez laquelle on a objectiv\u00e9 un stress \u00ab important \u00bb (21 cas), l\u2019anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 a \u00e9t\u00e9 observ\u00e9e dans 16 cas, soit 76,2 %.<\/p>\n<h1>Discussion<\/h1>\n<p>Le stress chronique correspond \u00e0 des agressions violentes ou mod\u00e9r\u00e9es, mais r\u00e9p\u00e9t\u00e9es et rapproch\u00e9es dans le temps. La r\u00e9p\u00e9tition de ph\u00e9nom\u00e8nes de stress exige une adaptation fr\u00e9quente et risque \u00e0 la longue de d\u00e9passer le seuil de r\u00e9sistance de l\u2019individu, entra\u00eenant ainsi un \u00e9puisement psychologique et glandulaire progressif responsable des maladies psychiatriques telle l\u2019anxi\u00e9t\u00e9<sup>\u2008(1)<\/sup>. Le seuil de tol\u00e9rance \u00e0 l\u2019anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 varie d\u2019un individu \u00e0 l\u2019autre. Elle devient pathologique lorsqu\u2019elle est trop intense, d\u00e9sorganisatrice ou lorsqu\u2019elle se chronicise<sup>\u2008(2)<\/sup> provoquant des \u00e9tats psychopathologiques tels que les troubles anxieux<sup>\u2008(3)<\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p>Une \u00e9tude<sup>\u2008(4)<\/sup> r\u00e9alis\u00e9e sur des infirmi\u00e8res exer\u00e7ant dans des h\u00f4pitaux, a montr\u00e9 qu\u2019un niveau de stress plus \u00e9lev\u00e9 est li\u00e9 aux situations suivantes : formation insuffisante, charge de travail, manque de soutien, fatigue\u2026 Une autre \u00e9tude<sup>\u2008(5)<\/sup> r\u00e9alis\u00e9e sur l\u2019infirmier en soin palliatif a montr\u00e9 que le stress au travail est associ\u00e9 \u00e0 une demande psychologique \u00e9lev\u00e9e, combin\u00e9e \u00e0 une latitude d\u00e9cisionnelle restreinte et \u00e0 un faible soutien des coll\u00e8gues.<\/p>\n<p>L\u2019\u00e2ge, le sexe, le grade et l\u2019anciennet\u00e9 ne semblent pas \u00eatre l\u00e0 encore en relation avec la perception du stress. En revanche, l\u2019organisation du travail jug\u00e9e mauvaise par les infirmiers, l\u2019insatisfaction concernant la qualit\u00e9, la surcharge au travail et la dur\u00e9e des cong\u00e9s annuels consid\u00e9r\u00e9s insuffisants repr\u00e9sentent des facteurs favorisant l\u2019apparition de stress et d\u2019anxi\u00e9t\u00e9. Cela est en rapport aussi avec le taux de tol\u00e9rance des sujets.<\/p>\n<h1>Conclusion<\/h1>\n<p>Le stress professionnel parmi les infirmiers peut \u00eatre r\u00e9duit par l\u2019am\u00e9lioration des conditions de travail et une meilleure gestion du stress par l\u2019augmentation du personnel, l\u2019am\u00e9nagement du temps de travail, ainsi qu\u2019une reconnaissance de leur travail, en incluant des formations (gestion du stress) et la cr\u00e9ation de groupes de soutien psychologique.<\/p>\n<script>function PlayerjsAsync(){} if(window[\"Playerjs\"]){PlayerjsAsync();}<\/script>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\ufeffLe milieu de soins psychiatriques est l\u2019un des secteurs professionnels o\u00f9 existe un stress professionnel important. Les auteurs ont proc\u00e9d\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9valuation de l\u2019impact de ce stress sur l\u2019anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 des personnels infirmiers d\u2019une institution psychiatrique, soignants en confrontation directe avec le malade mental. Plusieurs facteurs de stress ont \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9gag\u00e9s, dont la gestion s\u2019av\u00e8re n\u00e9cessaire pour assurer une meilleure qualit\u00e9 de travail.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1202,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_relevanssi_hide_post":"","_relevanssi_hide_content":"","_relevanssi_pin_for_all":"","_relevanssi_pin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_unpin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_include_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_exclude_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_no_append":"","_relevanssi_related_not_related":"","_relevanssi_related_posts":"","_relevanssi_noindex_reason":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[26,2],"tags":[1091,142,1090,362,696],"class_list":["post-15500","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-dossier","category-gestions-hospitalieres","tag-infirmier-psychiatrique","tag-psychiatrie","tag-soutien-psychologique","tag-stress","tag-tunisie"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.8.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Stress et anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 - Gestions hospitali\u00e8res<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ricom-web8.com\/gestions\/stress-et-anxiete\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Stress et anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 - Gestions hospitali\u00e8res\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\ufeffLe milieu de soins psychiatriques est l\u2019un des secteurs professionnels o\u00f9 existe un stress professionnel important. Les auteurs ont proc\u00e9d\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9valuation de l\u2019impact de ce stress sur l\u2019anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 des personnels infirmiers d\u2019une institution psychiatrique, soignants en confrontation directe avec le malade mental. Plusieurs facteurs de stress ont \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9gag\u00e9s, dont la gestion s\u2019av\u00e8re n\u00e9cessaire pour assurer une meilleure qualit\u00e9 de travail.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.ricom-web8.com\/gestions\/stress-et-anxiete\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Gestions hospitali\u00e8res\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/gestionshospitalieres\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2013-03-31T22:00:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2018-03-08T09:28:39+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"yann Le Sager\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@revue_GH\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@revue_GH\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"yann Le Sager\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.ricom-web8.com\/gestions\/stress-et-anxiete\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.ricom-web8.com\/gestions\/stress-et-anxiete\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"yann Le Sager\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.ricom-web8.com\/gestions\/#\/schema\/person\/810c9671279c5f5a094f6f0a42237516\"},\"headline\":\"Stress et anxi\u00e9t\u00e9\",\"datePublished\":\"2013-03-31T22:00:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2018-03-08T09:28:39+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.ricom-web8.com\/gestions\/stress-et-anxiete\/\"},\"wordCount\":872,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.ricom-web8.com\/gestions\/#organization\"},\"keywords\":[\"infirmier psychiatrique\",\"psychiatrie\",\"soutien psychologique\",\"stress\",\"Tunisie\"],\"articleSection\":[\"dossier\",\"Gestions Hospitali\u00e8res\"],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.ricom-web8.com\/gestions\/stress-et-anxiete\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.ricom-web8.com\/gestions\/stress-et-anxiete\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.ricom-web8.com\/gestions\/stress-et-anxiete\/\",\"name\":\"Stress et anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 - 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Les auteurs ont proc\u00e9d\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9valuation de l\u2019impact de ce stress sur l\u2019anxi\u00e9t\u00e9 des personnels infirmiers d\u2019une institution psychiatrique, soignants en confrontation directe avec le malade mental. 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